Current Applied Sciences
Interdisciplinary Journal

Prospects and Challenges of Nanotechnology in the Treatment of Pediatric Diseases

Articles in Press

Document Type : Review

Authors

Kiarash Abdollahi 1
Noushin Moradi 1
Melina Barahouei Moghaddam 2
Samira Lashani 3
Mohammad Sajjad Najimi 4
Fatemeh Ghorbannejad Nashli 5
Yeganeh Yazdanshenas 4
Mahsa Mohammadian 6

1 Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Bologna, Italy

2 School of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey

3 Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

4 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

5 Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

6 Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22034/cas.2025.536702.1053
Abstract
As a new approach, nanotechnology has opened up new horizons in disease diagnosis and treatment. Nanotechnology, utilizing nanomaterials and targeted drug delivery systems, has addressed numerous challenges in treating pediatric diseases. Pediatric diseases present unique challenges in treatment management due to the specific physiological characteristics of this age group, including the need for accurate drug dosages, minimizing side effects, and enhancing treatment efficacy. Nanotechnology offers groundbreaking applications in the diagnosis and treatment of childhood diseases, providing targeted therapies with enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects. Key applications include nano-drug delivery systems for the precise treatment of pediatric cancers (e.g., leukemia and brain tumors), nanosensors for the early detection of metabolic and infectious diseases, and nanoparticle-based inhalable therapies for respiratory conditions such as asthma. Additionally, nanotechnology enables improved bioavailability and reduced drug dosages, critical for pediatric patients. However, challenges such as long-term safety, biocompatibility, and regulatory hurdles remain. Future directions include the development of multifunctional nanoplatforms for combination therapy and personalized medicine, alongside advances in scalable and cost-effective manufacturing. Addressing these challenges will be essential for translating nanomedicine into mainstream pediatric healthcare.

Graphical Abstract

Prospects and Challenges of Nanotechnology in the Treatment of Pediatric Diseases

Keywords

Cancer
Drug Delivery
Genetic Diseases
Nanocapsules
Nanoparticles
Current Applied Sciences

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 07 September 2025

  • Receive Date 23 July 2025
  • Revise Date 18 August 2025
  • Accept Date 28 August 2025

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